Parenting Methods Psychology – Listen, I’ll be the first to admit that there are a lot of rumors and opinions about parenting online. Controversies and topics about what to do and what not to do bombard us on a daily basis. In fact, it can be a little overwhelming for working parents who are just trying to do their best. That’s why I made this post. This is a short guide to 4 parenting styles that are widespread in psychology and well supported by research. With this information, you can feel comfortable and confident in the choices you make at home with your children and families.
If you are researching parenting styles, you will come across the name of American psychologist, Diana Baumerand. This is why his research, in the 1960s, set the stage for what we now know in psychology as the 4 parenting styles. In his early research, he replicated three different approaches to parenting. They are permissive, pushy and stubborn. A fourth style, abandonment, would be added later in the 1980s by researchers Eleanor McCobe and John Martin.
Parenting Methods Psychology
The four parenting styles are based on two factors: responsiveness and demand. According to Britannica.com, “Highly responsive parents are sensitive and responsive to their children’s signals. Responsiveness also includes warmth, intimacy, clear communication, and involvement. Highly responsive parents monitor their children, set boundaries Do, they apply the rules, use constant and emergency. Discipline, and it requires maturity.
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The names of each style are pretty self-explanatory, but let’s get down to the nitty-gritty. First, I’ll start with a general scenario. A father and a young son walk into a shop. A boy finds a toy he wants and starts fighting when he’s told he can’t have it. Here’s what each parent can say or do:
Permissive parenting is exactly what it sounds like. He is the one who makes minimum demands or sets rules or limits. They are warm and cute. However, they give control to children to avoid conflict. Acknowledging the child’s demands can reduce problem behavior in time. But the long-term effects of this approach are negative. In fact, the American Psychological Association (EPA) says that “children raised by this parenting style are passive, rebellious, aimless, dominant, aggressive, and independent, with less self-control and success.”
On the opposite side of the spectrum, we have the authoritarian parent. They are very strict with rules and discipline. Above all, they expect compliance and blind obedience. Often there is a one-way interaction: parental dominance. In addition, little consideration is given to the child’s overall emotional well-being.
Neglected parents are neither demanding nor responsive. They are far away. They pay little attention to their child’s needs and are not involved in discipline or setting limits. This scenario leads to the worst of four outcomes.
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The final style is official. These parents want to find a balance between responsiveness and demand. They are loving and emotional. However, they are not allowed. They set developmental and age-appropriate boundaries and expectations. Popular parenting practices, often mentioned online, fall under this umbrella, such as attentive, positive, and kind parenting.
First, let me say that parenting is not an exact science. No parent is perfect and no style is perfect. Additionally, there are many layers to how an individual chooses to parent, such as community, social, and/or cultural factors. Therefore, no two houses are the same. That said, research shows that an authentic approach produces the best results regardless of these factors.
In fact, children of authoritative parents generally have higher self-esteem and fewer behavior problems than those whose parents used other styles. The APA says, “Children who are raised in this style are likable, energetic, cheerful, independent, self-controlled, curious, cooperative, and achievement-oriented.”
In a recent CNBC article, psychologist Francine Zelser explains why there is disagreement about the best approach for this field. “Authentic parents allow their children to make mistakes,” she says. It provides opportunities for children to learn and also lets them know that their parents are there to support them. She also says, “Authentic parenting is especially helpful when it comes to conflict, because how we learn to handle conflict at a young age plays a big role in how we handle our loss.” or how resilient we are in our adult lives”.
Authoritative Parenting: Characteristics And Effects
Ultimately, authentic parents strike the right balance. They have high standards and expectations. However, they remain responsive and sensitive to your child’s needs and overall development. In addition, they use effective discipline strategies and aim to teach rather than punish. They are open to communication and allow their children to freely express their thoughts and ideas. They also find learning moments in life experiences…good and bad. It lays the foundation for a supportive and healthy environment that promotes self-regulation, positive self-esteem, and strong social-emotional skills.
What kind of parenting style do you use with your child? Is it the same your parents/guardians are used to with you? Share comments and questions below.
Preschool teacher, baby mama, and creator of “I Give Thanks: A Gratitude Journal for Kids” and “Mindful and Wonderful Me: A Healthy Activity Book for Kids.”
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Because children don’t come with manuals, parents often struggle with how to raise mentally strong, well-rounded, and successful children. Some parents are strict and some are kind. Some are cautious, others distant.
What kind of parent do I want to be?” Ever crossed your mind, it helps to understand the basics of different parenting styles.
The four main parenting styles used in child psychology today—permissive, authoritarian, neglectful, and authoritarian—are based on the work of developmental psychologist Diana Baumerand and Stanford researchers Eleanor McCobe and John Martin.
Each parenting style has a different effect on children’s behavior and can be characterized by certain characteristics, including responsiveness (the extent to which parents are warm and sensitive to their children’s needs) and demandingness (the extent to which parents control over children). ). in an attempt to influence their behavior).
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Permissive parents are more likely to play a friendship role with their children than a parent role. They prefer to avoid conflict and often give in to their children’s requests at the first sign of distress. These parents often allow their children to do whatever they want and offer limited guidance or direction.
Authoritative parents are nurturing, supportive, and often attuned to their children’s needs. They guide their children through open and honest conversations to teach them values and logic. Children with authoritative parents are self-disciplined and can think for themselves.
Sometimes referred to as passive parenting, this style is exemplified by a general sense of apathy. Neglectful parents have limited involvement with their children and enforce minimal rules. They can also be seen as cold and indifferent, but not always on purpose, as they often struggle with their own problems.
This strict parenting style uses strict discipline, often justified as “tough love.” In an effort to remain in complete control, authoritative parents often talk to their children without asking for input or feedback.
Types Of Parenting Styles In Developmental Psychology And Why It Matters
Children of authoritative parents are not immune to mental health problems, relationship difficulties, substance abuse, poor self-regulation, or low self-esteem—symptoms often seen in children of authoritarian, permissive, or uninvolved parents. Use the style.
Of course, when it comes to parenting, there is no “one size fits all.” You don’t need to subscribe to just one type, as you need to try different parenting methods, but in moderation.
The most successful parents know when to change their style depending on the situation. For example, an authoritative parent, when a child is sick, may seek more permission by continuing to provide warmth and relinquish some control (eg, “Sure, you can have ice cream for lunch and dinner”). .
And permissive parents can be strict if the child’s safety is at risk, such as when crossing a busy street (eg, “You’re holding my hand whether you want to or not”).
The Four Styles Of Parenting
At the end of the day, use your best judgment and remember what parenting style works best for your family
Francyne Zeltser is a child psychologist, school psychologist, teaching assistant and mother of two daughters. She promotes an empowering and problem-solving approach where her patients learn adaptive strategies to manage challenges and work toward success.
